Utilisation of Information and Communication Technology in Teaching and Assessment of Secondary School Students in Tanzania

Abstract

This study assessed the implementation of ICT as a pedagogical tool in teaching and assessment of secondary school students in Tanzania. The study employed a survey design with 179 secondary school science teachers.  One teacher was randomly sampled from each of 179 randomly selected secondary schools. The teachers responded to questionnaires. Responses from questionnaires were coded and numbers entered into M-Excel for processing. Results obtained were presented in Tables showing absolute numbers and percentages. The study established that 62 per cent of teachers were trained in ICT as a pedagogical tool. They used the knowledge in teaching and assessment aspects such as searching teaching materials through internet (90%), examination word-processing (81%), typing notes (80%), processing examination results (59%) and using projectors in classroom instruction (56%). However, no teacher was found to use computer technology for assessment. Teachers faced various challenges in utilisation of ICT such as inadequate number of ICT equipment (78%), inadequate knowledge and skills in ICT (59%), unreliable internet (35%) and absence of electricity or power cut-off (34%). The study recommends that all teachers should be trained in the use of ICT in both teaching and assessment. Moreover, the challenges observed in the use of ICT should be addressed for effective utilisation and integration of ICT in secondary education.